TIR ISO 639-3
Tigrigna
ትግርኛ (Tigrinya) Autonym
A language of Eritrea
- ISO 639
- tir
- Alternate Names
- Habashi, Tigray, Tigrinya
- Autonym
- ትግርኛ (Tigrinya)
- Population
- 3,220,000 in Eritrea (2020), increasing. Total users in all countries: 10,004,940 (as L1: 9,852,940; as L2: 152,000).
- Location:
- Widespread, especially south and central.
- Language Status
- 3 (Wider communication). De facto national working language.
- Classification
- Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, South, Ethiopian, North
- Typology
- SOV; noun head final; gender (masculine/feminine); definite article; verb affixes mark person, number, gender of subject; passives; aspect; 33 consonant and 14 vowel phonemes.
- Language Use
- All domains. Used by all. Positive attitudes. Also use Tigré [tig]. Used as L2 by Bilen [byn], Italian [ita], Saho [ssy], Tigré [tig].
- Language Development
- Literacy rate in L1: 1%–10%. Literacy rate in L2: 5%–25%. Female: above 65%. Taught in primary schools. Fully developed. Bible: 1956.
- Language Resources
- OLAC resources in and about Tigrigna
- Writing
- Ethiopic script [Ethi], used since 13th or 14th century.
- Other Comments
- Christian, Muslim.
Also Spoken in
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Australia
Language Name
Tigrigna
User Population
4,580 in Australia (2016 census).
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Canada
Language Name
Tigrigna
User Population
16,600 in Canada (2016 census).
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Germany
Language Name
Tigrigna
User Population
80,700 in Germany, all users. L1 users: 75,700 in Germany (2020 census). , based on nationality. L2 users: 5,000 (2000).
- Location
- Afar and Amhara regions; Tigray region border areas.
- Language Status
- 2 (Provincial)
- Other Comments
- Christian. View other languages of Ethiopia
Language Name
Tigrigna
User Population
6,537,000 in Ethiopia, all users. L1 users: 6,390,000 in Ethiopia (2018). L2 users: 147,000. 2,820,000 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 6,610,000 (2018).
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Finland
Language Name
Tigrigna
User Population
1,240 in Finland (2018 census).
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of United Kingdom
Language Name
Tigrigna
User Population
12,400 in United Kingdom (2011 census).
- Location
- Jerusalem district.
- Language Status
- 7 (Shifting)
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. The liturgy is written in Geez [gez]. Jewish. View other languages of Israel
Language Name
Tigrigna
User Population
10,000 in Israel (1994 H. Mutzafi).
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Norway
Language Name
Tigrigna
User Population
30,200 in Norway (2021 census). , based on nationality.
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Sudan
Language Name
Tigrigna
User Population
48,000 in Sudan (2017).
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Sweden
Language Name
Tigrigna
User Population
43,500 in Sweden (2020 census). , based on nationality.
Map
Location: Widespread, especially south and central.
Size and Vitality
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