Tohono O’odham | Ethnologue

A language of United States

ISO 639: ood
Alternate Names: Nebome, Nevome, O’odham, O’othham, Papago-Pima, Tohono O’otham, Upper Piman
Autonym: Oʼodham ha-ñeʼokĭ, Oʼodham ñiok
Population: 14,000 in United States (Golla 2007). 180 monolinguals (1990 census). Ethnic population: 33,000 (Ichihashi-Nakayama 2004). , including 20,000 Papago, 13,000 Pima (Ichihashi-Nakayama 2004). Total users in all countries: 14,200.
Location:: Arizona: south central. 60 villages on 7 reservations.
Language Status: 6b (Threatened). Language of registered tribe: Ak Chin Indian Community of the Maricopa (Ak Chin) Indian Reservation, Gila River Indian Community of the Gila River Indian Reservation, Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community of the Salt River Reservation, Tohono O’odham Nation of Arizona.
Classification: Uto-Aztecan, Southern Uto-Aztecan, Pimic
Dialects: Tohono O’odam (“Papago” (pej.)), Akimel O’odham (Pima).
Language Use: Vigorous in the west and south. Some young people, all adults. Most also use English [eng].
Language Development: Taught at the University of Arizona (Golla 2007). From primary school on, schools of the Tohono O’odham Nation teach the language. Dictionary. Grammar. NT: 1975.
Language Resources: OLAC resources in and about Tohono O’odham
Writing: Latin script [Latn].
Other Comments: Different from Pima Bajo [pia] of Mexico.