Page Type: languageMadura | Ethnologue

MAD ISO 639-3

Madura

Basa Mathura Autonym

A language of Indonesia

ISO 639
mad
Alternate Names
Madhura, Madurese
Autonym
Basa Mathura
Population
7,790,000 in Indonesia (2015 UNSD), decreasing. Ethnic population: 7,180,000 (2011 census). Total users in all countries: 7,790,900.
Location:
East Java province: Java island coast south and west of Surabaja city, Bawean, Kangean, and Sapudi islands; South Kalimantan province: Java Sea area.
Language Status
5 (Developing).
Classification
Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Madurese
Dialects
Bawean (Babean, Bhebien, Boyanese), Bangkalan (Bangkalon), Pamekesan (Pamekasan), Sampang, Sapudi, Sumenep. Dialect continuum. Reports differ about inherent intelligibility among dialects: some Sumenep and Sampang report they cannot understand Pamekasan or Sumenep. Difficult intelligibility with Kangean [kkv]. Bawean may be a separate language. Lexical similarity: 75% with Kangean [kkv].
Typology
SVO; nontonal; partial reduplication.
Language Use
Vigorous on Madura Island and East Java. All domains. Used by all. Also use Indonesian [ind]. Also use Javanese [jav].
Language Development
Literacy rate in L2: 40%. Literacy higher among Bangkalon. Taught in primary schools (religious education). Taught in secondary schools (religious education). Literature. Newspapers. Radio. Videos. Dictionary. Grammar. Texts. Bible: 1994.
Language Resources
OLAC resources in and about Madura
Writing
Latin script [Latn].
Other Comments
Mainly rural. Bawean consider their language separate from Madurese. East Madurese, especially Sumenep, is considered high, or standard Madurese. Sumenep is isolated culturally and geographically. Bangkalon, spoken in Surabaya, is important economically because that city is highly urbanized and is most affected by Bahasa Indonesia. Muslim.

Also Spoken in

Language Name
Madura
User Population
900 in Singapore (1985). Ethnic population: 28,000 (2018 J. Leclerc).
Location
Scattered.
Dialects
Bawean (Boyanese).
Language Status
7 (Shifting)
Other Comments
Non-indigenous. Muslim.
View other languages of Singapore

Map

Location: East Java province: Java island coast south and west of Surabaja city, Bawean, Kangean, and Sapudi islands; South Kalimantan province: Java Sea area.