KHK ISO 639-3
Mongolian, Halh
Монгол хэл (Mongol khel) Autonym
A language of Mongolia
- ISO 639
- khk
- Alternate Names
- Central Mongolian, Halh, Halha, Kalkh, Khalkha, Khalkha Mongolian, Mongol, Mongolian
- Autonym
- Монгол хэл (Mongol khel)
- Population
- 2,640,000 in Mongolia (2016). Includes 28,100 Dariganga, 23,700 Darkhat, 22,500 Khotogoit, and 3,430 Sartul. Based on ethnicity. Total users in all countries: 2,711,160.
- Location:
- Widespread.
- Language Status
- 1 (National). Statutory national language (1992, Constitution, Article 8(1)).
- Classification
- Mongolic, Eastern, Oirat-Khalkha, Khalkha-Buriat, Mongolian Proper
- Dialects
- Halh (Khalkha), Dariganga, Khotogoit, Sartul, Tsongol, Darkhat (Darhad, Darkhad). A member of macrolanguage Mongolian [mon].
- Typology
- SOV; postpositions; noun head final; no articles; case-marking (7 cases); passives; tense and aspect; causatives; 29 consonants, 14 vowels, 4 diphthongs; non-tonal; stress on first syllable or long vowel; vowel harmony; evidentiality.
- Language Use
- Vigorous. All domains. Used by all.
- Language Development
- Taught in all schools. Taught in primary and secondary schools. Literature. Newspapers. Periodicals. Radio. TV. Videos. Dictionary. Grammar. Texts. Bible: 2003.
- Language Resources
- OLAC resources in and about Mongolian, Halh
- Writing
- Braille script [Brai]. Cyrillic script [Cyrl]. Mongolian script [Mong], used prior to 1941 with a resurgence since the 1990s. Phags-pa script [Phag], no longer in use. Tibetan script [Tibt], no longer in use.
- Other Comments
- Buddhist, traditional religion.
Also Spoken in
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Australia
Language Name
Mongolian, Halh
User Population
2,140 in Australia (2016 census).
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Czechia
Language Name
Mongolian, Halh
User Population
3,330 in Czechia (2011 census).
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Germany
Language Name
Mongolian, Halh
User Population
6,420 in Germany (2020 census). , based on nationality.
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of South Korea
Language Name
Mongolian, Halh
User Population
32,700 in South Korea (2020).
- Location
- Buryatia republic.
- Dialects
- Khalkha (Halh), Dariganga, Urat, Ujumuchin.
- Language Status
- 3 (Wider communication)
- Other Comments
- Halh is basis for literary Mongolian. Buddhist. View other languages of Russian Federation
Language Name
Mongolian, Halh
User Population
8,830 in Russian Federation (2010 census). Ethnic population: 11,500 (2000 census).
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Sweden
Language Name
Mongolian, Halh
User Population
5,460 in Sweden (2020 census). , based on nationality.
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of United States
Language Name
Mongolian, Halh
User Population
10,200 in United States (2015 census). United States census does not distinguish between Halh Mongolian [khk] and Peripheral Mongolian [mvf].
Map
Location: Widespread.
Size and Vitality
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