KAT ISO 639-3
Georgian
ქართული (Kartuli), ქართული ენა (Kartuli ena) Autonym
A language of Georgia
- ISO 639
- kat
- Alternate Names
- Common Kartvelian, Grunzinski yazyk
- Autonym
- ქართული (Kartuli), ქართული ენა (Kartuli ena)
- Population
- 3,380,000 in Georgia (2016). Ethnic population: 3,980,000 (1993 UBS). Total users in all countries: 3,921,790.
- Language Status
- 1 (National). Statutory national language (1995, Constitution, Article 8).
- Classification
- Kartvelian, Georgian
- Dialects
- Imeretian, Racha-Lexchxum (Lechkhum), Adzhar (Acharian), Imerxev Kartlian, Kaxetian (Kakhetian), Ingilo, Tush, Xevsur (Kheysur), Moxev (Mokhev), Pshav, Mtiul, Ferejdan, Meskhur-Javakhuri. Imerxev is in Turkey, Ferejdan may no longer be spoken in Iran.
- Typology
- SOV; postpositions; noun head final; no articles; case-marking (7 cases); verb affixes mark person, number, object; ergativity; passives; tense and aspect; 27 consonants, 5 vowels, no diphthongs; non-tonal; stress on first syllable; long consonant clusters.
- Language Use
- Meskhi are ethnically Georgian, speak Georgian, are Eastern Orthodox, and live in southwest Georgia.
- Language Development
- Fully developed. Bible: 1743–2002.
- Language Resources
- OLAC resources in and about Georgian
- Writing
- Braille script [Brai]. Georgian (Mkhedruli and Mtavruli) script [Geor], primary usage. Khutsuri (Asomtavruli and Nuskhuri) script [Geok], no longer in use.
- Other Comments
- Adzhai Muslims are in Armenia. South Caucasian also called Kartvelian; Gruzinski is the Russian name. Christian, Muslim.
Also Spoken in
- Location
- Balakan, Qax and Zaqatala districts.
- Dialects
- Ingiloy (Ingilo).
- Language Status
- 5 (Dispersed)
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Azerbaijan
Language Name
Georgian
User Population
30,000 in Azerbaijan (2019). Ethnic population: 60,000 (2019).
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Germany
Language Name
Georgian
User Population
27,300 in Germany (2020 census). , based on nationality.
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Spain
Language Name
Georgian
User Population
20,400 in Spain (2020 census). , based on nationality.
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Greece
Language Name
Georgian
User Population
27,400 in Greece (2011 census). , based on nationality.
- Location
- Esfahan province: Esfahan area, Najaf Abad, Shahin Shahr, and Yazdan Shahr; Mazandaran province: Behshahr.
- Dialects
- Fereydan (Ferejdan).
- Language Status
- 5 (Dispersed)
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. Muslim. View other languages of Iran
Language Name
Georgian
User Population
65,500 in Iran (2019).
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Kazakhstan
Language Name
Georgian
User Population
6,400 in Kazakhstan (Leclerc 2017e).
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Latvia
Language Name
Georgian
User Population
1,000 in Latvia (2018).
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Russian Federation
Language Name
Georgian
User Population
171,000 in Russian Federation (2010 census).
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Sweden
Language Name
Georgian
User Population
1,270 in Sweden (2020 census). , based on nationality.
- Location
- Scattered.
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Tajikistan
Language Name
Georgian
User Population
1,400 in Tajikistan (2017).
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Turkmenistan
Language Name
Georgian
User Population
1,800 in Turkmenistan (Leclerc 2019b). , based on ethnicity.
- Location
- Artvin, Ordu, Sakarya, and other provinces in north and northwest Anatolia.
- Dialects
- Imerxev.
- Language Status
- 6b (Threatened)
- Other Comments
- Muslim. View other languages of Turkey
Language Name
Georgian
User Population
167,000 in Turkey (2019). 4,000 monolinguals (1965 census).
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Ukraine
Language Name
Georgian
User Population
12,500 in Ukraine (2001 census). Ethnic population: 34,200 (2001 census).
- Location
- Xorazm region: north near Turkmenistan border.
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Uzbekistan
Language Name
Georgian
User Population
6,200 in Uzbekistan (2019).
Map
Size and Vitality
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