IND ISO 639-3
Indonesian
Bahasa Indonesia Autonym
A language of Indonesia
- ISO 639
- ind
- Autonym
- Bahasa Indonesia
- Population
- 198,000,000 in Indonesia (2010 census), all users. L1 users: 42,800,000 (2015 UNSD), increasing. Total users in all countries: 198,996,550 (as L1: 43,627,550; as L2: 155,369,000).
- Location:
- Widespread.
- Language Status
- 1 (National). Statutory national language (1945, Constitution, Article 36).
- Classification
- Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Malayo-Chamic, Malayic, Malay
- Dialects
- None known. Lexical similarity: over 80% with Standard Malay [zsm]. A member of macrolanguage Malay [msa].
- Typology
- SVO; prepositions; noun head initial, but quantifiers before noun; 3 noun classifiers; no articles; aspect; 19 consonants, 6 vowels, 3 diphthongs; non-tonal; stress on penultimate syllable; 2 social registers; inclusive/exclusive pronouns.
- Language Development
- Fully developed. Bible: 1974–2000.
- Language Resources
- OLAC resources in and about Indonesian
- Writing
- Arabic script, Naskh variant [Arab]. Braille script [Brai]. Latin script [Latn], primary usage.
- Other Comments
- Developed from literary ‘Classical Malay’ of the Riau-Johor sultanate (Sneddon 2003). Has regional variants. Muslim.
Also Spoken in
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Australia
Language Name
Indonesian
User Population
67,900 in Australia (2016 census).
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Germany
Language Name
Indonesian
User Population
21,700 in Germany (2020 census). , based on nationality.
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Spain
Language Name
Indonesian
User Population
1,970 in Spain (2020 census). , based on nationality.
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of China–Hong Kong
Language Name
Indonesian
User Population
190,100 in China–Hong Kong, all users. L1 users: 21,100 in China–Hong Kong (2016 census). L2 users: 169,000 (2016 census).
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Kuwait
Language Name
Indonesian
User Population
24,000 in Kuwait (2011 census).
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Netherlands
Language Name
Indonesian
User Population
137,000 in Netherlands (2019).
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of New Zealand
Language Name
Indonesian
User Population
4,880 in New Zealand (2013 census).
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Philippines
Language Name
Indonesian
User Population
2,580 in Philippines (1990 census).
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Saudi Arabia
Language Name
Indonesian
User Population
99,000 in Saudi Arabia (2018). , based on ethnicity.
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Sweden
Language Name
Indonesian
User Population
1,520 in Sweden (2020 census). , based on nationality.
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Singapore
Language Name
Indonesian
User Population
118,000 in Singapore (2018 J. Leclerc).
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of Suriname
Language Name
Indonesian
User Population
18,900 in Suriname (2018).
- Language Status
- 5 (Dispersed)
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of East Timor
Language Name
Indonesian
User Population
2,400 in East Timor (2011 UNSD).
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of China–Taiwan
Language Name
Indonesian
User Population
239,000 in China–Taiwan (2018 census). , based on nationality.
- Language Status
- Unestablished
- Other Comments
- Non-indigenous. View other languages of United States
Language Name
Indonesian
User Population
67,400 in United States (2015 census).
Map
Location: Widespread.
Size and Vitality
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