Page Type: languageGujari | Ethnologue

GJU ISO 639-3

Gujari

گوجری‎ (Gojri) Autonym

A language of India

ISO 639
gju
Alternate Names
Gogri, Gojari, Gojri, Gujar, Gujer, Gujjari, Gujuri, Gurjar, Hindki, Kashmir Gujuri, Parimu, Rajasthani Gujuri
Autonym
گوجری‎ (Gojri)
Population
1,290,000 in India (2011 census). Ethnic population: 1,600,000 (2002). In Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Punjab, Delhi. Total users in all countries: 1,696,000.
Location:
Jammu and Kashmir state: Anantnag district, Doru, Kukernag, and Pahalgam sub-districts; Baramulla district, Uri sub-district; Ganderbal district, Kangan sub-district; Kulgam district; Kupwara district, Handwara, Karnah, and Kupwara sub-districts; Pulwama district, Tral sub-district; Shopian district.
Language Status
5* (Developing).
Classification
Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Intermediate Divisions, Western, Rajasthani, Unclassified
Dialects
Ajiri of Hazara. Poonchi [phr] may be understood by others and form the basis for a standard dialect. In Pakistan, Eastern Gujari appears more similar to Northern Hindko [hno] or Pahari-Potwari [phr]. Western Gujari appear to understand the Eastern dialect better than vice versa. Comparison with India varieties is needed. Lexical similarity: 60% between Uttar Pradesh and Pakistan, 76% with Poonchi. A member of macrolanguage Rajasthani [raj].
Language Use
In general, Hindu agriculturalists have not retained Gujari language and culture, whereas Muslim Gujari have. Gujars outside Jammu-Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh do not speak Gujari, but regional languages. All domains. Positive attitudes. Also use Dogri [dgo]. Also use English [eng]. Also use Garhwali [gbm]. Also use Hindi [hin]. Also use Jaunsari [jns]. Also use Kashmiri [kas]. Also use Kullu Pahari [kfx]. Also use Kumaoni [kfy]. Also use Urdu [urd].
Language Development
Literacy rate in L2: 5%–15%. Literature. Periodicals. Radio. TV. Dictionary. Grammar. Texts.
Language Resources
OLAC resources in and about Gujari
Writing
Arabic script, Naskh variant [Arab]. Arabic script, Nastaliq variant [Aran], primary usage. Devanagari script [Deva], plans for future development using this script.
Other Comments
Muslim, Hindu.

Also Spoken in

Language Name
Gujari
User Population
15,000 in Afghanistan (2015).
Location
Scattered. Nomadic, traveling in summer in eastern valleys.
Language Status
6a (Vigorous)
Other Comments
Non-indigenous. Muslim.
View other languages of Afghanistan
Language Name
Gujari
User Population
391,000 in Pakistan (2018).
Location
Azad Kashmir province: widespread north; Gilgit Baltistan province: Diamer district, Gilgit; Khyber Pakhtunkwa province: east Hazara district, Kaghan valley, scattered in south Chitral district, Dir Kohistan and Swat Kohistan; Punjab province: Rawalpindi district; Islamabad.
Dialects
Western Gujari, Eastern Gujari. Lexical similarity: 39% with Mankiyali [nlm].
Language Status
5 (Developing)
Other Comments
Some move seasonally with herds. Muslim.
View other languages of Pakistan

Map

Location: Jammu and Kashmir state: Anantnag district, Doru, Kukernag, and Pahalgam sub-districts; Baramulla district, Uri sub-district; Ganderbal district, Kangan sub-district; Kulgam district; Kupwara district, Handwara, Karnah, and Kupwara sub-districts; Pulwama district, Tral sub-district; Shopian district.