FUC ISO 639-3
Pulaar
Pulaar Autonym
A language of Senegal
- ISO 639
- fuc
- Alternate Names
- Peul, Peulh, Pulaar Fulfulde, Pël
- Autonym
- Pulaar
- Population
- 4,150,000 in Senegal (2017). Total users in all countries: 5,398,700.
- Location:
- Widespread.
- Language Status
- 5 (Developing). Recognized language (2001, Constitution, Article 1).
- Classification
- Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Atlantic, Northern, Senegambian, Fula-Wolof, Fula, Western
- Dialects
- Toucouleur (Fulbe Jeeri, Haalpulaar, Pulaar, Tokilor, Tukolor, Tukulor), Fulacunda (Fulakunda, Fulkunda). A member of macrolanguage Fulah [ful].
- Language Use
- Most domains. Used by all. Many also use French [fra], as the language of education and government (Diouf et al 2017). Some also use Wolof [wol], as the language of commerce and interethnic communication (Sarr and Thiaw 2012). Also use Jola-Fonyi [dyo]. Used as L2 by Gusilay [gsl], Ménik [tnr], Mlomp [mlo], Saafi-Saafi [sav], Soninke [snk], Wamey [cou].
- Language Development
- Literacy rate in L1: 10%–30%. Literacy rate in L2: 15%–25%. Radio. Dictionary. Grammar. Texts. NT: 1997.
- Language Resources
- OLAC resources in and about Pulaar
- Writing
- Arabic script, Naskh variant [Arab]. Latin script [Latn].
- Other Comments
- Muslim.
Also Spoken in
- Location
- Central River, Lower River, North Bank, and Upper River divisions.
- Dialects
- Fulacunda (Fulakunda, Fulkunda), Toucouleur (Haalpulaar, Halpulaar, Tukolor, Tukulor).
- Language Status
- 5 (Developing)
- Other Comments
- Muslim, Christian. View other languages of Gambia
Language Name
Pulaar
User Population
377,000 in Gambia (2018).
- Location
- Boké region: Koundara prefecture, north of Tamine river. Extreme northwest corner.
- Dialects
- Toucouleur (Futa Toro, Pulaar, Tukolor, Tukulor), Fulacunda (Fula Preto, Fulakunda, Fulkunda).
- Language Status
- 5 (Developing)
- Other Comments
- Many Arabic loans. The official orthography is different from that used elsewhere. Muslim. View other languages of Guinea
Language Name
Pulaar
User Population
5,700 in Guinea (Leclerc 2014a).
- Location
- Bafata region: especially south of Geba river; Gabu region: central and north; Tombali region: between Aldeia Formosa and Carubel river.
- Dialects
- Fulacunda (Fula Forro, Fula Preto, Fulakunda, Fulkunda), Fula de Gabu.
- Language Status
- 5 (Developing)
- Other Comments
- Muslim. View other languages of Guinea-Bissau
Language Name
Pulaar
User Population
323,000 in Guinea-Bissau (2018).
- Location
- Kayes region: Diema, northwest Kayes, Nioro, and Yelimané circles; Koulikoro region: Banamba, north Kolokani, and Nara circles.
- Dialects
- Toucouleur (Fulbe Jeeri, Haalpulaar, Halpulaar, Pulaar, Tukolor, Tukulor).
- Language Status
- 5 (Developing)
- Other Comments
- Muslim. View other languages of Mali
Language Name
Pulaar
User Population
276,000 in Mali (2018).
- Location
- Brakna, Gorgol, and Trarza regions, near Senegal.
- Dialects
- Toucouleur (Haalpulaar, Pulaar, Tukulor).
- Language Status
- 5 (Developing)
- Other Comments
- Fuuta Tooro (Fouta Toro) was a major Toucouleur geopolitical state, with center in northern Senegal. Muslim. View other languages of Mauritania
Language Name
Pulaar
User Population
267,000 in Mauritania (2017).
Map
Location: Widespread.
Size and Vitality
Click to enlarge with explanationPlace in Language Cloud
Click to enlarge with explanation