Tajikistan

Languages

Aimaq aiq

Khatlon region: west of Vakhsh river, Jamshidi and Khazara area. Users: 7,900 in Tajikistan (2017). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Western, Southwestern, Persian

Arabic, Tajiki Spoken abh

Khatlon province: Vakhsh valley, mainly small villages; Kuliab and Leninabad cities. Users: 1,300 in Tajikistan (2017). Total users in all countries: 17,300. Status: 6b* (Threatened). Alternate Names: Arabi, Bukhara Arabic, Buxara Arabic, Central Asian, Jugari, Tajiki Arabic Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic

Armenian, Western hyw

Dushanbe province: Dushanbe; Sughd province: Chkalovsk and Khujand; Khatlon province: Qurghorteppa. Small communities in urban areas. Users: 8,900 in Tajikistan (2017). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Armenian

Azerbaijani, North azj

Users: 5,640 in Tajikistan (2017). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Turkic, Southern, Azerbaijani

Balochi, Western bgn

Scattered. Users: 6,350 in Tajikistan (2017). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Western, Northwestern, Balochi

Bashkort bak

Scattered. Users: 8,200 in Tajikistan (2003 J. Leclerc). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Turkic, Western, Uralian

Belarusian bel

Users: 6,430 in Tajikistan (2017). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Balto-Slavic, Slavic, East

Chuvash chv

Users: 3,940 in Tajikistan (2017). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Turkic, Bolgar

Erzya myv

Users: 8,800 in Tajikistan (2017). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Uralic, Mordvin

Georgian kat

Scattered. Users: 1,400 in Tajikistan (2017). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Kartvelian, Georgian

Ishkashimi isk

Kuhistoni Badakhshon region: Ryn and Sumjin villages, near Ishkashim. Users: 500 in Tajikistan (1990 A. Kibrik). Status: 6a (Vigorous). Alternate Names: Ishkashim Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Eastern, Southeastern, Pamir

Kyrgyz kir

Kuhistoni Badakhshon region and Regions of Republican Subordination. Users: 71,400 in Tajikistan (2017). Ethnic population: 152,000 (2017). Status: 5* (Dispersed). Classification: Turkic, Western, Aralo-Caspian

Lak lbe

Users: 2,100 in Tajikistan (2017). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Nakh-Daghestanian, Lak

Parya paq

Regions of Republican Subordination: Hissar valley. Users: 1,600 in Tajikistan (2017). Total users in all countries: 2,600. Status: 6a* (Vigorous). Alternate Names: Afghana-Yi Nasfurush, Afghana-Yi Siyarui, Changgars, Laghmani, Pbharya Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Intermediate Divisions, Western, Unclassified

Pashto, Southern pbt

Khatlon region. Users: 32,400 in Tajikistan (2017). Status: 5* (Dispersed). Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Eastern, Southeastern, Pashto

Persian, Iranian pes

Khatlon region: various economic development sites; Dushanbe. Users: 89,200 in Tajikistan (2017). Status: 5* (Dispersed). Alternate Names: Persian, Western Farsi Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Western, Southwestern, Persian

Russian rus

Widespread. Users: 44,600 in Tajikistan (2017). Ethnic population: 303,000 (2017). Status: 3 (Wider communication). De facto national working language, no longer language of record in higher levels of government. Alternate Names: Rusija Classification: Indo-European, Balto-Slavic, Slavic, East

Russian Sign Language rsl

Scattered, with concentrations around Dushanbe. Users: 47,000 in Tajikistan (2021 DBS/DOOR/SIL). Estimated 28,000–56,000 signing deaf, assuming 0.3%–0.6% of total population. Status: 5 (Developing). Alternate Names: RSL, TSL, Tajik Sign Language Classification: Sign language, Deaf community sign language

Shughni sgh

Kuhistoni Badakhshon region: Pamir mountains. Users: 40,000 in Tajikistan (1975 SIL). 20,000 Shugan, 1,500–2,000 Oroshor, 15,000 Rushan. Ethnic population: 73,800 (1990 A. Kibrik). Includes 50,000 Shugni, 2,000 Oroshor, 18,000 Rushan, 800 Khufi, 3,000 Bartang. Total users in all countries: 80,000. Status: 6a (Vigorous). Alternate Names: Shugnan-Rushan Autonym: Khugnone Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Eastern, Southeastern, Pamir, Shugni-Yazgulami

Tajik tgk

Widespread. Users: 6,380,000 in Tajikistan (2012 UNSD). Ethnic population: 7,520,000 (2017). Total users in all countries: 8,195,120. Status: 1 (National). Statutory national language (1994, Constitution, Article 2). Alternate Names: Tadzhik, Tajiki, Tajiki Persian, “Galcha” (pej.) Autonym: тоҷикӣ‎ (Tojiki) Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Western, Southwestern, Persian

Tatar tat

Kuhistoni Badakhshon region: scattered. Users: 4,200 in Tajikistan (2012 UNSD). Ethnic population: 107,000 (2017). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Turkic, Western, Uralian

Turkish tur

Users: 1,000 in Tajikistan (2017). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Turkic, Southern, Turkish

Turkmen tuk

Khatlon region: scattered. Users: 13,700 in Tajikistan (2012 UNSD). Ethnic population: 32,500 (2017). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Turkic, Southern, Turkmenian

Uzbek, Northern uzn

Khatlon and Sughd regions; Regions of Republican Subordination. Users: 1,060,000 in Tajikistan (2017). Ethnic population: 1,230,000 (2017). Status: 5* (Dispersed). Alternate Names: oʻzbek, oʻzbek tili, oʻzbekcha Classification: Turkic, Eastern

Wakhi wbl

Kuhistoni Badakhshon region: Pamir mountains. Users: 15,000 in Tajikistan (2012 M. Merritt). Ethnic population: 20,000 (1990 A. Kibrik). Status: 6b (Threatened). Alternate Names: Guhjali, Khik, Khikwar, Vakhan, Wakhani, Wakhigi Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Eastern, Southeastern, Pamir

Yagnobi yai

Sughd region: Zafarabad; north of Dushanbe; Yagnob river (the homeland), high mountain valley. Users: 12,000 (2004 SIL). Status: 6b* (Threatened). Alternate Names: Soghdi, Yaghnabi, Yaghnobi, Yaghnubi, Yagnabi, Yagnob, Yagnubi Autonym: Яғнобӣ зивок‎ (Yaɣnobī́ zivók) Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Eastern, Northeastern

Yazgulyam yah

Kuhistoni Badakhshon province: Andarbag, Budun, Khavavd, Motravn, Shavud, Ubaghn, Vishkharv, Zaich, Zhafag, and Zhamag in Yazgulyam river valley; Dushanbe and Kuybishev areas. Users: 9,000 (2010). Ethnic population: 13,000. Status: 6b (Threatened). Alternate Names: Iazgulem, Yazghulomi, Yazgulam, Yazgulami, Yazgulyami, Yuzdomi zavég, Zgyamigyai Autonym: Zǵamiǵai, Зѓамиѓай‎ (Zǵamiǵai) Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Eastern, Southeastern, Pamir, Shugni-Yazgulami