North Macedonia

Languages

Albanian, Gheg aln

Debar, Gostivar, Kicevo, Kumanovo, Ohrid, Resen, Skopje, Struga, and Tetovo municipalities. Users: 532,000 in North Macedonia (2018). Ethnic population: 534,000 (2018). Status: 2 (Provincial). Statutory provincial language in northern, western regions (1991, Constitution, Article 7(6)). Alternate Names: Geg, Gegnisht, Shqip, Shqyp Classification: Indo-European, Albanian, Gheg

Albanian, Tosk als

Users: 3,700 in North Macedonia (Leclerc 2018b). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Albanian, Tosk

Aromanian rup

Bitola, Ohrid, Prilep, Resen, and Struga municipalities: Gevgelija, Kocani-Vinica, Krusevo, Kumanovo, Skopje, Stip, and Sveti Nikole; north of Ohrid and Presba lakes. Users: 18,200 in North Macedonia (Leclerc 2018b). Total users in all countries: 191,000. Status: 4 (Educational). Alternate Names: Armina, Armini, Aromunian, Arumanian, Arumenian, Macedo Romanian, Macedo-Rumanian, Vlach, Vlav Autonym: Armani Classification: Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Eastern

Balkan Gagauz Turkish bgx

Bitola and Kumanovo municipalities. Kumanovo area (Gagauz dialect); Bitola area (Yuruk dialect). Users: 4,000 in North Macedonia (Leclerc 2018b). Status: 6b* (Threatened). Alternate Names: Balkan Turkic Classification: Turkic, Southern, Turkish

Bosnian bos

Petrovec, Skopje, Veles and Zelenikovo municipalities. Users: 8,560 in North Macedonia (2002 census). Ethnic population: 17,000 (2002 census). Status: 5* (Dispersed). Alternate Names: Serbo-Croatian Classification: Indo-European, Balto-Slavic, Slavic, South, Western

Croatian hrv

Users: 2,700 in North Macedonia (Leclerc 2018b). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Balto-Slavic, Slavic, South, Western

French fra

Users: 42,700 in North Macedonia (Beck et al 2018), L2 users. Status: 5* (Dispersed). Classification: Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Italo-Western, Western, Gallo-Iberian, Gallo-Romance, Gallo-Rhaetian, Oïl, French

Macedonian mkd

Widespread. Users: 1,410,000 in North Macedonia (2018). Ethnic population: 1,360,000 (2018). Total users in all countries: 1,729,740. Status: 1 (National). Statutory national language (1991, Constitution, Article 7(1)). Alternate Names: Macedonian Slavic Autonym: македонски‎ (Makedonski), македонски јазик‎ (makedonski jazik) Classification: Indo-European, Balto-Slavic, Slavic, South, Eastern

Macedonian Sign Language ysl

Scattered. Users: 2,000 in North Macedonia (2021 DBS/DOOR/SIL). Estimated assuming 0.1% of total population. Around 6,000 deaf people (Koceski and Koceska 2015). Status: 6a (Vigorous). Recognized language (2009, Law on Use of Sign Language, Article 2). Alternate Names: YSL, Yugoslav Sign Language, Yugoslavian Sign Language Classification: Sign language, Deaf community sign language

Romani, Balkan rmn

Scattered. Users: 40,300 in North Macedonia (2018). Ethnic population: 57,200 (2018). Status: 6a* (Vigorous). Alternate Names: Romani ćhib Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Intermediate Divisions, Western, Romani, Balkan

Romani, Vlax rmy

Bitola, Dolneni, Ohrid, Prilep, and Resen municipalities. Status: 6a* (Vigorous). Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Intermediate Divisions, Western, Romani, Vlax

Romanian, Megleno ruq

Gevgelija municipality. Users: 2,100 in North Macedonia (Leclerc 2018b). Status: 6b (Threatened). Classification: Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Eastern

Serbian srp

Kriva Palanka, Kumanovo, and Skopje municipalities. Users: 25,400 in North Macedonia (2018). Ethnic population: 38,100 (2018). Status: 5* (Dispersed). Alternate Names: Serbo-Croatian Classification: Indo-European, Balto-Slavic, Slavic, South, Western

Turkish tur

Berovo, Bitola, Debar, Radovis, Struga, Strumica, and Valandovo municipalities. Users: 74,200 in North Macedonia (2018). Ethnic population: 82,600 (2018). Status: 5* (Dispersed). Alternate Names: Osmanli, Türkçe Classification: Turkic, Southern, Turkish