Page Type: countryGuinea | Ethnologue

GN

Republic of Guinea

Guinea

Summary

Republic of Guinea
ACHPR (1982), CDE (1964), CPPDCE (2008), CSICH (2008), ICCPR (1978), UNCRPD (2008), UNDRIP (2007)
12,414,000
French
30% (2015 World Factbook)
Bendor-Samuel and Hartell 1989, O’Toole 1978, Vanderaa 1991, Welmers 1971a
The number of established languages listed for Guinea is 39. Of these, 37 are living and 2 are extinct. Of the living languages, 35 are indigenous and 2 are non-indigenous. Furthermore, 3 are institutional, 15 are developing, 11 are vigorous, 5 are in trouble, and 3 are dying. Also listed are 2 unestablished languages and 1 macrolanguage.
Users: 5,200 in Guinea (Leclerc 2014a). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic
Boké region: Koundara prefecture. Users: 12,400 in Guinea (2017 census). Total users in all countries: 20,510. Status: 6a* (Vigorous). Alternate Names: Badara, Badian, Badjara, Badyaranke, Bigola, Gola, Pajade, Pajadinka Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Atlantic, Northern, Eastern Senegal-Guinea, Tenda
Boké region. Users: No known L1 speakers. The last speakers either died or assimilated to Susu [sus] by the 1950s (Camara et al 2014). Status: 10 (Extinct). Alternate Names: Baga Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Atlantic, Southern, Mel, Temne, Baga
Kindia region: between Pongo and Konkouré rivers, to Île de Kito. Users: Ethnic population: 5,000. Status: 8b (Nearly extinct). Alternate Names: Baka, Koba, Koga Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Atlantic, Southern, Mel, Temne, Baga
Boké region: Kanfarandé and Sansale subprefectures, 39 villages on delta islands between Nunez river and Komponi river. Users: 4,000 (2011 NTM). Status: 6b* (Threatened). Alternate Names: Baga Mandori, Baga Mandouri, Baka, Barka, Madouri, Maduri, Mandari, Mandore, Mandori, Mandouri, Manduri Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Atlantic, Southern, Mel, Temne, Baga
Boké region: Boké prefecture, coast east of Nunez river; Binari and Mboteni villages on Boteni island. Users: 3,700 (2015 NTM). Status: 6b* (Threatened). Alternate Names: Baga, Baga Binari, Baga Mboteni, Baga Poukour, Baga de Binari, Baka, Barka, Binari, Binari-Kouffin, Bohere, Era, Kaloum, Kalum, Mborin, Mboténi, Poukour, Pukur Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Atlantic, Southern, Mel, Temne, Baga
Boké region: Boffa prefecture, Tougnifil subprefecture; Boké prefecture, Port-Kamsar subprefecture, Nunez river south bank. Users: 40,000 (2018 PBT). Status: 5 (Developing). Alternate Names: Baka, Rio Pongo Baga, Sitemuú, Stem Baga, Tchitem Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Atlantic, Southern, Mel, Temne, Baga
Boké region: Boffa prefecture, between Kapatchez and Pongo rivers. Users: No known L1 speakers. The last speaker either died or shifted to Susu [sus] by the 1950s (Camara et al 2014). Status: 10 (Extinct). Alternate Names: Baga, Baga Kakissa, Baka, Barka, Sobane, Sobané, Temne Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Atlantic, Southern, Mel, Temne, Baga
Nzérékoré region: Macenta prefecture, scattered. Users: 12,000 in Guinea (Leclerc 2014a). Status: Unestablished. Alternate Names: Bandé Classification: Niger-Congo, Mande, Western, Central-Southwestern, Southwestern, Mende-Loma, Mende-Bandi, Bandi
Boké region: Gaoual prefecture; Labe region: Mali prefecture; border area northwest of Touba town, some northeast corner. Users: 12,400 in Guinea (2017 census). Status: 5* (Developing). Alternate Names: Ayan, Basari, Biyan, Oneyan, Onian, Oniyan, Tenda Basari, Wo Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Atlantic, Northern, Eastern Senegal-Guinea, Tenda
Kindia region: a few speakers in Forecariah prefecture near Sierra Leone border. Status: 8a (Moribund). Alternate Names: Bolom, Bulem, Bullin, Bullun, Mandenyi, Mandingi, Mani, Mmani, Northern Bullom Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Atlantic, Southern, Mel, Bullom-Kissi, Bullom, Northern
Nzérékoré region: Lola prefecture, Kogota village on Côte d’Ivoire border. Users: 800 in Guinea (2001 G. Pruett). Status: 5 (Developing). Alternate Names: Da, Dàn, Dã̀ã̀, Gio, Gio-Dan, Gyo, Yacouba, Yakuba Classification: Niger-Congo, Mande, Eastern, Southeastern, Guro-Tura, Tura-Dan-Mano, Tura-Dan
Users: 3,320,000 in Guinea (Beck et al 2018), L2 users. Status: 1 (National). Statutory national language (2010, Constitution, Article 1). Alternate Names: Français Classification: Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Italo-Western, Western, Gallo-Iberian, Gallo-Romance, Gallo-Rhaetian, Oïl, French
Conakry region. Users: 64,000 (2021 DBS/DOOR/SIL). Estimated 38,000–76,000 deaf signers, assuming 0.3%–0.6% of total population. Other estimates: 528 deaf signers (2008 WFD); 27,000 total deaf in Guinea (2014 IMB). Status: 5 (Developing). Classification: Sign language, Deaf community sign language
Boké region: central Gaoual prefecture, more than 60 villages on Tamine river upper reaches between Boké and Sangea towns. Users: 137,000 in Guinea (2017 census). Total users in all countries: 137,500. Status: 6a* (Vigorous). Alternate Names: Diakanka, Diakhanke, Diakkanke, Dyakanke, Jahanque, Jahonque, Jaxanka Classification: Niger-Congo, Mande, Western, Central-Southwestern, Central, Manding-Jogo, Manding-Vai, Manding-Mokole, Manding
Faranah region: Dabola prefecture, west and southwest of Faboula and Koumboulou towns; Mamou region: Sokotoro, Wure Kaba, and 33 other villages. Users: 10,000 (2012 V. Vydrin). Ethnic population: 50,000 (2012 V. Vydrin). Status: 6b* (Threatened). Alternate Names: Fulajon Kan, Fulajonkan, Jon Kule, Ourekabakan Classification: Niger-Congo, Mande, Western, Central-Southwestern, Central, Manding-Jogo, Manding-Vai, Manding-Mokole, Mokole
Faranah region: Kissidougou prefecture; Nzérékoré region: Gueckedou and western Macenta prefectures. Users: 509,000 in Guinea (2017 census). Total users in all countries: 570,500. Status: 4 (Educational). De facto language of national identity. Alternate Names: Gizi, Kisie, Kissien, kìsìéí Autonym: Kisi Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Atlantic, Southern, Mel, Bullom-Kissi, Kissi
Nzérékoré region: Fakolidou, Farakouroudougou, Gbogboda, and Goh villages near Côte d’Ivoire border. About 30 villages between Beyla and Sinko. Status: 6a* (Vigorous). Alternate Names: Kla Classification: Niger-Congo, Mande, Eastern, Southeastern, Guro-Tura, Tura-Dan-Mano, Tura-Dan
Nzérékoré region: Lola prefecture, east of Morissimandougou to Cote d’Ivoire border. Users: 99,300 (2017 census). Status: 6a* (Vigorous). Classification: Niger-Congo, Mande, Western, Central-Southwestern, Southwestern, Kpelle
Nzérékoré region: between Dondano and Nzebola towns. Users: 497,000 (2017 census). Status: 4 (Educational). De facto language of national identity. Alternate Names: Akpese, Gbese, Gerse, Gerze, Guerzé, Kpele, Kpelese, Kpelesetina, Kperese, Kpese, Kpwessi, Northern Kpele, Pessa, Pessy Autonym: Kpɛlɛwoo Classification: Niger-Congo, Mande, Western, Central-Southwestern, Southwestern, Kpelle
Faranah region: south Faranah and southeast Kissidougou prefectures; Kerouane prefecture, south Kouroussa; Kankan region: southwest. Users: 236,000 in Guinea (2017 census). Status: 5* (Developing). Alternate Names: Koranko Classification: Niger-Congo, Mande, Western, Central-Southwestern, Central, Manding-Jogo, Manding-Vai, Manding-Mokole, Mokole
Boké region: between Guinea Bissau border and Kogon river, and Boke-Centre subprefecture southeast; Kindia region: north border Boffa and Telimele prefectures; Gaoual prefecture, 2 enclaves near Kambala and Koumbia. Users: 62,100 (2017 census). Status: 6a* (Vigorous). Alternate Names: Cocoli, Landouman, Landuma, Tiapi, Tyapi, Tyopi Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Atlantic, Southern, Mel, Temne, Baga
Faranah and Nzérékoré regions: main centers are Kassadou, Tangalto, and Yombiro. Users: 48,700 (2017 census). Status: 6a* (Vigorous). Classification: Niger-Congo, Mande, Western, Central-Southwestern, Central, Manding-Jogo, Manding-Vai, Manding-Mokole, Mokole
Mamou region: Mamou prefecture, Oure-Kaba subprefecture, on Sierra Leone border. Users: 4,000 in Guinea (Johnstone 1993). 2,000 speakers of the Ke subdialect of Northern Limba (1991 J. Kaiser). Total users in all countries: 4,800. Status: 6b* (Threatened). Alternate Names: Yimba, Yumba Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Atlantic, Southern, Limba
Users: Population total all languages: 8,731,560. Status:
Kankan and Nzérékoré regions: national reserve; Beyle, Kankan, Kerouane, Lola, and Macenta prefectures; Balanfe, Boukorodou, Diatela, Dyibarou, Kabadian Mallerou, and Ouanino villages along Beyla-Sinko road and north of Sinko (Gbasando dialect); Lola (Karagba dialect); Sokourala (Woroduu dialect). Users: 559,000 in Guinea (2017 census). Status: 6a* (Vigorous). Alternate Names: Koniaka, Konya, Konyakakan, Konyanka, Maninya Classification: Niger-Congo, Mande, Western, Central-Southwestern, Central, Manding-Jogo, Manding-Vai, Manding-Mokole, Manding, Manding-East, Southeastern Manding
Kankan region: east Kouroussa prefecture; Faranah region and prefecture; along Niger tributary, Serekoroba area. Status: 6a* (Vigorous). Alternate Names: Faranah, Sankarankan Classification: Niger-Congo, Mande, Western, Central-Southwestern, Central, Manding-Jogo, Manding-Vai, Manding-Mokole, Manding, Manding-East, Southeastern Manding
Widespread and in all urban areas. Users: 3,100,000 in Guinea (2017 census). 73,500 Wasulu. Total users in all countries: 3,722,300. Status: 3 (Wider communication). De facto language of national identity. Alternate Names: Eastern Malinke, Kankan Maninka, Malinké, Mande, Maninga, Maninkakan, Maninkaxan, Southern Maninka Autonym: Maninka Classification: Niger-Congo, Mande, Western, Central-Southwestern, Central, Manding-Jogo, Manding-Vai, Manding-Mokole, Manding, Manding-East, Southeastern Manding
Nzérékoré region: Lola prefecture south of Lola town; Nzérékoré prefecture; Yomou prefecture, Dieke subprefecture. Users: 86,900 in Guinea (2017 census). Status: 5* (Developing). Alternate Names: Mã́ã́, Maa, Maan, Mah, Manon, Mawe Classification: Niger-Congo, Mande, Eastern, Southeastern, Guro-Tura, Tura-Dan-Mano, Mano
Faranah and Nzérékoré regions: west Beyla and southeast Kissidougou prefectures; Macenta-Centre to Liberia border; Kankan region: Keroane prefecture, Diarradou. Users: 25,000 in Guinea (1997 G. Pruett). Ethnic population: 77,000 (Leclerc 2014a). Status: 5* (Developing). Alternate Names: Mandingo, Maninya, Maninyakan, Maniya, Manya Kan, “Toma Maninya” (pej.), “Tuu Kɔlɔ Maninya” (pej.) Classification: Niger-Congo, Mande, Western, Central-Southwestern, Central, Manding-Jogo, Manding-Vai, Manding-Mokole, Manding, Manding-East, Southeastern Manding
Boké region: Boké prefecture, Kanfarande subprefecture, 22 coastal villages north of Nunez river. Users: 5,000 (1998 B. Willits). Status: 5 (Developing). Alternate Names: Baga Foré, Baga Monson, Black Baga, Bulunits, Longich, Mbulongish, Monchon, Monshon Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Atlantic, Northern, Mbulungish-Nalu
Boké region: Boffa and Boké prefectures. Users: 24,800 (2017 census). Status: 5* (Developing). Alternate Names: Mikifore, Mixifore Classification: Niger-Congo, Mande, Western, Central-Southwestern, Central, Manding-Jogo, Manding-Vai, Manding-Mokole, Mokole
Widespread. Users: No known L1 speakers in Guinea. Ethnic population: No ethnic community. Total users in all countries: none known. Status: 9 (Second language only). Classification: Mixed language
Boké region: Boké prefecture; Nunez river mouth area and estuary. Users: 12,400 in Guinea (2017 census). Total users in all countries: 23,300. Status: 6a* (Vigorous). Alternate Names: Nalou Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Atlantic, Northern, Mbulungish-Nalu
Boké region: Koundara prefecture, north of Tamine river. Extreme northwest corner. Users: 5,700 in Guinea (Leclerc 2014a). Status: 5* (Developing). Alternate Names: Fulfulde Pulaar, Haalpulaar, Peul, Peulh Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Atlantic, Northern, Senegambian, Fula-Wolof, Fula, Western
Widespread. Users: 4,300,000 in Guinea (2017 census). Total users in all countries: 4,778,200. Status: 2 (Provincial). De facto language of national identity. Alternate Names: Foula Fouta, Fouta Djallon, Fulbe, Fulfulde Jalon, Fullo Fuuta, Futa Fula, Futa Jallon, Fuuta Jalon, Jalon, Poular Autonym: Pular Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Atlantic, Northern, Senegambian, Fula-Wolof, Fula, West Central
Boké region: Boké and Koundara; Kankan region: Kankan; Kindia region: Conakry and Kindia; Labé region: Badougoula, Linsan, and Manda. Users: 24,800 in Guinea (2017 census). Status: 7 (Shifting). Classification: Niger-Congo, Mande, Western, Northwestern, Soninke-Bobo, Soninke-Boso, Soninke
Widespread in southwest. Users: 2,200,000 in Guinea (2017 census). Total users in all countries: 2,434,140. Status: 4 (Educational). De facto language of national identity. Alternate Names: Sose, Soso, Soussou, Susoo Autonym: Sosoxui Classification: Niger-Congo, Mande, Western, Central-Southwestern, Central, Susu-Yalunka
Faranah and Nzérékoré regions: Macenta, Kissidougou, and Gueckedou prefectures, between Macenta and Kissidougou towns. Users: 261,000 (2017 census). Status: 5* (Developing). De facto language of national identity. Alternate Names: Toa, Toale, Toali, Tooma Classification: Niger-Congo, Mande, Western, Central-Southwestern, Southwestern, Mende-Loma, Loma
Boké region: Koundara prefecture, Youkounkoun-Koundara area, to Senegal border; small border area in Gaoual prefecture, south bank, Tamine river. Users: 24,800 in Guinea (2017 census). Status: 6a* (Vigorous). Alternate Names: Cogniagui, Conhague, Coniagui, Koniagi, Konyagi, Tenda, Wamay, Wamei, Wameỹ, Wey Classification: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Atlantic, Northern, Eastern Senegal-Guinea, Tenda
Faranah region: south toward Sierra Leone border, and Dinguiraye prefecture, Bafing river, Boukaria area; Labé region: northwest Mali prefecture; north Koubia and north Tougue subprefecture, Senegal-Mali border; Dinguiraye prefecture, Bafing river, Boukaria area; Boké region: Gaouala prefecture, enclave between Guinea-Bissau border and Koumbia. Users: 112,000 in Guinea (2017 census). Total users in all countries: 180,700. Status: 5* (Developing). Alternate Names: Dialonke, Djallonke, Dyalonke, Jalonke, Jalunga, Jalungas, Yalunke Autonym: Jalunga xuwiina’ Classification: Niger-Congo, Mande, Western, Central-Southwestern, Central, Susu-Yalunka
Nzérékoré region: Macenta prefecture, Zembezou and Panziazou subprefectures. 45 villages. About third of Zialo speakers live in the cities of Guinea. Users: 25,000 (2010 V. Vydrin). Status: 6a* (Vigorous). Alternate Names: Shialu, Zialu, Ziolo, Ziyolo Classification: Niger-Congo, Mande, Western, Central-Southwestern, Southwestern, Mende-Loma
    [fra] 1 (National). Statutory national language (2010, Constitution, Article 1). 3,320,000 in Guinea (Beck et al 2018), L2 users.
    [fuf] 2 (Provincial). De facto language of national identity. 4,300,000 in Guinea (2017 census). Total users in all countries: 4,778,200.
    [gkp] 4 (Educational). De facto language of national identity. 497,000 (2017 census).
    [kqs] 4 (Educational). De facto language of national identity. 509,000 in Guinea (2017 census). Total users in all countries: 570,500.
    [sus] 4 (Educational). De facto language of national identity. 2,200,000 in Guinea (2017 census). Total users in all countries: 2,434,140.
    [bsc] 5* (Developing). 12,400 in Guinea (2017 census).
    [bsp] 5 (Developing). 40,000 (2018 PBT).
    [dnj] 5 (Developing). 800 in Guinea (2001 G. Pruett).
    [fuc] 5* (Developing). 5,700 in Guinea (Leclerc 2014a).
    [gus] 5 (Developing). 64,000 (2021 DBS/DOOR/SIL). Estimated 38,000–76,000 deaf signers, assuming 0.3%–0.6% of total population. Other estimates: 528 deaf signers (2008 WFD); 27,000 total deaf in Guinea (2014 IMB).
    [knk] 5* (Developing). 236,000 in Guinea (2017 census).
    [mbv] 5 (Developing). 5,000 (1998 B. Willits).
    [mev] 5* (Developing). 86,900 in Guinea (2017 census).
    [mfg] 5* (Developing). 24,800 (2017 census).
    [mzj] 5* (Developing). 25,000 in Guinea (1997 G. Pruett). Ethnic population: 77,000 (Leclerc 2014a).
    [tod] 5* (Developing). De facto language of national identity. 261,000 (2017 census).
    [yal] 5* (Developing). 112,000 in Guinea (2017 census). Total users in all countries: 180,700.
    [cou] 6a* (Vigorous). 24,800 in Guinea (2017 census).
    [jad] 6a* (Vigorous). 137,000 in Guinea (2017 census). Total users in all countries: 137,500.
    [knu] 6a* (Vigorous). 99,300 (2017 census).
    [lda] 6a* (Vigorous).
    [ldm] 6a* (Vigorous). 62,100 (2017 census).
    [llc] 6a* (Vigorous). 48,700 (2017 census).
    [mku] 6a* (Vigorous). 559,000 in Guinea (2017 census).
    [msc] 6a* (Vigorous).
    [naj] 6a* (Vigorous). 12,400 in Guinea (2017 census). Total users in all countries: 23,300.
    [pbp] 6a* (Vigorous). 12,400 in Guinea (2017 census). Total users in all countries: 20,510.
    [zil] 6a* (Vigorous). 25,000 (2010 V. Vydrin).
    [bcg] 6b* (Threatened). 3,700 (2015 NTM).
    [bmd] 6b* (Threatened). 4,000 (2011 NTM).
    [kke] 6b* (Threatened). 10,000 (2012 V. Vydrin). Ethnic population: 50,000 (2012 V. Vydrin).
    [lma] 6b* (Threatened). 4,000 in Guinea (Johnstone 1993). 2,000 speakers of the Ke subdialect of Northern Limba (1991 J. Kaiser). Total users in all countries: 4,800.
    [snk] 7 (Shifting). 24,800 in Guinea (2017 census).
    [buy] 8a (Moribund).
    [bqf] 10 (Extinct). No known L1 speakers. The last speakers either died or assimilated to Susu [sus] by the 1950s (Camara et al 2014).
    [bsv] 10 (Extinct). No known L1 speakers. The last speaker either died or shifted to Susu [sus] by the 1950s (Camara et al 2014).

Guinea and Guinea-Bissau

Language Vitality Profile

Language Status Profile