Georgia

Languages

Abkhaz abk

Abkhazia region: Black Sea coast, separate areas near Gudaut’a and Och’amch’re. Users: 129,000 in Georgia (Leclerc 2015). Total users in all countries: 194,710. Status: 2 (Provincial). Statutory provincial language in Abkhazia, co-official with Georgian (1995, Constitution, Article 8). Alternate Names: Abkhazian, Abxazo Autonym: аҧсуа бызшәа‎ (Aṗsua byzšwa), аҧсшәа‎ (Aṗsšwa) Classification: Abkhaz-Adyghe, Abkhaz-Abazin

Armenian, Western hyw

Samtskhe-Javakheti region: Akhalkalaki and Akhaltsikhe; Kvemo Kartli region: Tsalka. Abkhazia region (Hamshen dialect). Users: 150,000 in Georgia (2016). Status: 5* (Dispersed). Classification: Indo-European, Armenian

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic aii

Transcaucasia area: scattered. Users: 3,400 in Georgia (Leclerc 2015). Ethnic population: 14,000. Status: 8a (Moribund). Alternate Names: Aisorski, Assyriski Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, Aramaic, Eastern, Central, Northeastern

Avar ava

Kakheti region: Qvareli district, Tivi village. Users: 2,000 in Georgia (Leclerc 2015). Status: 6b (Threatened). Classification: Nakh-Daghestanian, Avar-Andic, Avar

Azerbaijani, North azj

Kakheti, Kvemo Kartli, and Samtskhe-Javakheti regions. Users: 239,000 in Georgia (2016). Status: 5* (Dispersed). Alternate Names: Azərbaycan dili, Azərbaycanca Classification: Turkic, Southern, Azerbaijani

Bats bbl

Kakheti region: Akhmeta district, Zemo-Alvani (Upper Alvani). Users: 600 (Hauk and Rentz 2019). Ethnic population: 1,600 (Gippert et al 2006). Status: 7 (Shifting). Alternate Names: Bac, Batsaw, Batsba, Batsbi, Batsbiitsy, Batsi, Tsova-Tush, Tush Classification: Nakh-Daghestanian, Nakh, Batsi

Bezhta kap

Kakheti region: Qvareli district, Chatliskure and Saruso villages. Users: 700 in Georgia (Leclerc 2015). Ethnic population: 1,000 (2014 NCRP). Status: 6b* (Threatened). Alternate Names: Bezht’alas mits Classification: Nakh-Daghestanian, Tsezic, East Tsezic

Bohtan Neo-Aramaic bhn

Kvemo Kartli region: mainly Garbadani village. Users: 900 in Georgia (Leclerc 2015). Status: 7 (Shifting). Classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, Aramaic, Eastern, Central, Northeastern

Chechen che

Kakheti region: Ahmeta municipality, Duisi village and several nearby villages. Users: 10,000 in Georgia (Leclerc 2015). Status: 6a* (Vigorous). Classification: Nakh-Daghestanian, Nakh, Chechen-Ingush

Dido ddo

Kakheti region: Qvareli district, Ibtsokhi village. Status: 6b* (Threatened). Classification: Nakh-Daghestanian, Tsezic, West Tsezic

French fra

Users: 16,400 in Georgia (Beck et al 2018), L2 users. Status: 5* (Dispersed). Classification: Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Italo-Western, Western, Gallo-Iberian, Gallo-Romance, Gallo-Rhaetian, Oïl, French

Georgian kat

Users: 3,380,000 in Georgia (2016). Ethnic population: 3,980,000 (1993 UBS). Total users in all countries: 3,921,790. Status: 1 (National). Statutory national language (1995, Constitution, Article 8). Alternate Names: Common Kartvelian, Grunzinski yazyk Autonym: ქართული‎ (Kartuli), ქართული ენა‎ (Kartuli ena) Classification: Kartvelian, Georgian

Hunzib huz

Kakheti region: Lagodekhi municipality, Tkhilistsqaro, Qvareli district, Chatliskure village. Users: 410 in Georgia (Koryakov 2006). Status: 6b (Threatened). Alternate Names: Hontl’os myts Classification: Nakh-Daghestanian, Tsezic, East Tsezic

Judeo-Georgian jge

Kvemo Kartli and Samtskhe-Javakheti regions; T’bilisi. Users: 2,800 in Georgia (Leclerc 2015). Status: 6a* (Vigorous). Classification: Kartvelian, Georgian

Kurdish, Northern kmr

Kvemo Kartli and Mtskheta-Mtianeti regions; T’bilisi area. Users: 20,600 in Georgia (Leclerc 2015). Status: 5* (Dispersed). Alternate Names: Ezdiki, Kurdî, Kurmancî, Kurmanji Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Western, Northwestern, Kurdish

Laz lzz

Adjara region: a few villages. Users: 1,000 in Georgia (Salminen 2007). Status: 7 (Shifting). Alternate Names: Chan, Chanuri, Chanzan, Laze, Lazuri, Zan Classification: Kartvelian, Zan

Lezgi lez

Users: 3,000 in Georgia (Leclerc 2015). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Nakh-Daghestanian, Lezgic, Nuclear Lezgic, East Lezgic

Mingrelian xmf

Abkhazia region: Gali and T’q’varčeli districts; Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti, all except Poti town; Tbilisi. Users: 344,000 in Georgia (Leclerc 2015). Total users in all countries: 345,530. Status: 6a* (Vigorous). Alternate Names: Iverian, Margalepi, Margali, Margaluri, Margaluri nina, Megrel, Megrelian, Megruli Classification: Kartvelian, Zan

Ossetic oss

Imereti region: Sachkhere municipality; Kvemo Kartli region: small border areas near T’bilisi; Mtskheta-Mtianeti region: Akhalagori and Mtskheta municipalities; Racha-Lochkhumi-Kvemo Svaneti region: Oni municipality; Shida Kartli region: Gori and Tskhinvali municipalities. Users: 39,000 in Georgia (Leclerc 2015). Status: 5* (Dispersed). Alternate Names: Osetin, Ossete, Ossetian Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Eastern, Northeastern

Pontic pnt

Users: 15,000 in Georgia (Leclerc 2015). Status: Unestablished. Alternate Names: Rumka Classification: Indo-European, Greek, Attic

Russian rus

Adjara, Guria, Imereti, Kakheti, Kvemo Kartli, Samtskhe-Javakheti, and T’bilisi regions. Users: 2,376,200 in Georgia, all users. L1 users: 46,200 in Georgia (2016). L2 users: 2,330,000 (Arefyev 2012). Status: 3 (Wider communication). De facto national working language. Classification: Indo-European, Balto-Slavic, Slavic, East

Svan sva

Racha-Lochkhumi-Kvemo Svaneti region: Lentekhi municipality; Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti region: Mestiya municipality. Users: 14,000 in Georgia (Leclerc 2015), decreasing. Ethnic population: 15,000 (2000 A. Kibrik). Total users in all countries: 14,071. Status: 6b (Threatened). Alternate Names: Svanuri, Šwan-är Autonym: ლუშნუ ნინ‎ (lušnu nin) Classification: Kartvelian, Svan

Tatar tat

Users: 3,400 in Georgia (Leclerc 2015). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Turkic, Western, Uralian

Turkish tur

Users: 3,200 in Georgia (Leclerc 2015). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Turkic, Southern, Turkish

Udi udi

Kakheti region: Oktomberi village. Users: 90 in Georgia (Leclerc 2015). Ethnic population: 500 (1990 A. Kibrik). Status: 7 (Shifting). Classification: Nakh-Daghestanian, Lezgic, Udi

Ukrainian ukr

Users: 6,800 in Georgia (Leclerc 2015). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Balto-Slavic, Slavic, East

Urum uum

Shida Kartli region: Gori area. Users: 90,000 in Georgia (Leclerc 2015). Total users in all countries: 185,000. Status: 6b (Threatened). Classification: Turkic