Argentina

Languages

Argentine Sign Language aed

Scattered. More than 50% in large cities (Massone 1995). Users: 60,000 (Caceres 2017). Status: 5 (Developing). Alternate Names: LSA, Lengua de Señas Argentina Classification: Sign language, Deaf community sign language

Armenian, Western hyw

Users: 149,000 in Argentina (2018). , based on nationality. Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Armenian

Aymara, Central ayr

Jujuy and Salta provinces: in the mountains and urban areas. Users: 4,100 in Argentina (Crevels 2012). Status: Unestablished. Alternate Names: Aimara Classification: Aymaran, Aymara

Belarusian bel

Users: 3,900 in Argentina (2018). , based on nationality. Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Balto-Slavic, Slavic, East

Bermejo Wichí wlv

Chaco province: General Güemes department; Formosa province: Bermejo, Matacos, Patiño, Ramón Lista departments; Salta province: Anta, Metán, Orán, Rivadavia, and San Martín departments. Users: 31,500 (2021 C. Willis). Status: 5 (Developing). Alternate Names: Vejos, Vejoz, Wichí Lhamtés Vejoz, “Mataco Vejoz” (pej.) Autonym: wichi Classification: Matacoan, Mataco

Catalan cat

Users: 198,000 in Argentina (2018). , based on nationality. Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Italo-Western, Western, Gallo-Iberian, Ibero-Romance, East Iberian

Chinese zho

Users: 76,000 in Argentina (2018). , based on nationality. Status: Unestablished.

Chorote, Iyo’wujwa crq

Salta province. Users: 1,500 in Argentina (Crevels 2007). 1,690, all Chorote, both [crt] and [crq] (Crevels 2012). 750 monolinguals. Ethnic population: 2,610 (Crevels 2012). Includes all ethnic Chorote, both [crt] and [crq]. Total users in all countries: 1,870. Status: 5 (Developing). Autonym: Yojwaja Classification: Matacoan, Chorote

Chorote, Iyojwa’ja crt

Salta province: near the Pilcomayo river. Users: 800 (Crevels 2007). 1,690, all Chorote, both [crt] and [crq] (Crevels 2012). Status: 6b* (Threatened). Alternate Names: Chorote, Choroti, Eklenjuy, Yofuaha, Yowúwa Classification: Matacoan, Chorote

Croatian hrv

Users: 4,200 in Argentina (2018). , based on nationality. Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Balto-Slavic, Slavic, South, Western

Czech ces

Users: 8,000 in Argentina (2018). , based on nationality. Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Balto-Slavic, Slavic, West, Czech-Slovak

English eng

Widespread, mostly in Buenos Aires. Users: 7,100,000 in Argentina, all users. L1 users: 100,000 in Argentina (1985 New York Times). L2 users: 7,000,000 (2020). Status: 5* (Dispersed). Alternate Names: Inglés Classification: Indo-European, Germanic, West, English

French fra

Users: 16,000 in Argentina (2018). , based on nationality. Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Italo-Western, Western, Gallo-Iberian, Gallo-Romance, Gallo-Rhaetian, Oïl, French

Galician glg

Users: 752,000 in Argentina (2018). , based on nationality. Status: 5* (Dispersed). Alternate Names: Galego, Gallego Classification: Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Italo-Western, Western, Gallo-Iberian, Ibero-Romance, West Iberian, Portuguese-Galician

German, Standard deu

Widespread. Users: 42,000 in Argentina (2018). , based on nationality. Ethnic population: 3,500,000. Status: 5* (Dispersed). Alternate Names: Alemán, Deutsch Classification: Indo-European, Germanic, West, High German, German, Middle German, East Middle German

Greek ell

Users: 41,000 in Argentina (2018). , based on nationality. Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Greek, Attic

Guaraní, Ava nhd

Misiones province; possibly also in Buenos Aires, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Jujuy, Salta, and Santa Fe provinces. Users: 5,140 in Argentina (Crevels 2012). Ethnic population: 21,800. Status: 8a (Moribund). Alternate Names: Apytare, Ava Guaraní, Chiripá, Nhandeva, Tsiripá, Txiripá, Ñandeva Classification: Tupian, Tupí-Guaraní, Guaraní, Guaraní

Guaraní, Mbyá gun

Corrientes and Misiones provinces: south bank, Alto Parana river, Posadas area; shared border. Users: 3,910 in Argentina (Crevels 2012). Ethnic population: 8,220 (Crevels 2012). Status: 6b (Threatened). Alternate Names: Eastern Argentina Guaraní, Mbua, Mbya, Mbyá, Nhandeayvu Classification: Tupian, Tupí-Guaraní, Guaraní, Guaraní

Guaraní, Paraguayan gug

Regions bordering Paraguay. Users: 200,000 in Argentina. Ethnic population: 593,000 (2018). Status: Unestablished. Alternate Names: Correntino Guaraní Classification: Tupian, Tupí-Guaraní, Guaraní, Guaraní

Guaraní, Western Argentine gui

Jujuy and Salta provinces. Users: 15,000 in Argentina (Crevels 2007). Ethnic population: 21,000 (Crevels 2007). Status: 6b* (Threatened). Alternate Names: Eastern Bolivian Guaraní, Guaraní, “Chabanco” (pej.), “Chaguanco” (pej.), “Chawuncu” (pej.), “Chiriguano” (pej.) Classification: Tupian, Tupí-Guaraní, Guaraní, Guaraní, Bolivian Guaraní

Italian ita

Users: 1,120,000 in Argentina (2018). , based on nationality. Status: 4 (Educational). Classification: Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Italo-Western, Italo-Dalmatian

Japanese jpn

Users: 38,000 in Argentina (2018). , based on nationality. Status: Unestablished. Classification: Japonic

Kabuverdianu kea

Users: 14,000 in Argentina (2015 Instituto de Apoio ao Emigrante). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Creole, Portuguese based

Korean kor

Users: 32,000 in Argentina (2018). , based on nationality. Status: Unestablished. Classification: Koreanic

Lao lao

Users: 2,000 in Argentina (2018). , based on nationality. Status: Unestablished. Classification: Kra-Dai, Kam-Tai, Tai, Southwestern

Lule ule

Gran Chaco, between the Pilcomayo river and the Andean foothills. Users: No known L1 speakers. Reported to have been in use by 5 families in 1981 (Campbell 1997). Status: 10 (Extinct). Alternate Names: Lule-Tonocoté, Tonocoté Classification: Unclassified

Mapudungun arn

Neuquén, Río Negro, and Chubut provinces; Mendoza province, possibly Buenos Aires. Users: 8,410 in Argentina (2004 census). Ethnic population: 114,000 (2004). Status: 8a (Moribund). Alternate Names: Huilliche, Manzanero, Mapuche, Mapudungu, Maputongo, Pehuenche, Ranquel, “Araucanian” (pej.), “Araucano” (pej.) Classification: Mapudungu

Mocoví moc

Chaco and Santa Fe provinces. Users: 2,780 (Crevels 2012). A few elderly monolinguals. Ethnic population: 15,800 (Crevels 2012). Status: 6b (Threatened). Alternate Names: Mbocobí, Mocobí, Mokovi Classification: Guaykuruan, Southern

Nivaclé cag

Salta province: Rivadavia and San Martín departments; Tartagal outskirts and Misión La Paz. Users: 220 in Argentina (2004 INDEC). Ethnic population: 550 (2001 INDEC). Status: 8a (Moribund). Alternate Names: Ashlushlay, Guisnai, “Chulupe” (pej.), “Chulupi” (pej.), “Chulupie” (pej.), “Churupi” (pej.) Classification: Matacoan

Ona ona

Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur province: Patagonia. Users: No known L1 speakers. The ethnic group disintegrated by early 20th century (Crevels 2007). The last speakers died in the 1980s (Moseley 2010). Status: 10 (Extinct). Alternate Names: Aona, Choon, Selknam, Shelknam Classification: Chon, Island Chon

Piedmontese pms

Users: No known L1 speakers in Argentina. The language ceased to be used daily in the 1950s in favor of Spanish (Giolitto 2016); it may still be in use in major cities as a heritage language. Status: 9 (Dormant). Alternate Names: Piamontés, Piemontèis Classification: Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Italo-Western, Western, Gallo-Iberian, Gallo-Romance, Gallo-Italian

Pilagá plg

Chaco province; Formosa province: Bermejo and Pilcomayo river valleys; Salta province. Users: 3,490 (Crevels 2012). Ethnic population: 4,470 (Crevels 2012). Status: 6b (Threatened). Alternate Names: Pilaca Classification: Guaykuruan, Southern

Pilcomayo Wichí mzh

Formosa province: Ramón Lista department, El Potrillo; Salta province: General San Martín department: Misión La Paz, Mosconi, and Tartagal. Users: 26,500 (2021 C. Willis). Status: 5 (Developing). Alternate Names: Güisnay, Wichí, Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay, “Mataco” (pej.), “Mataco Güisnay” (pej.), “Mataco Pilcomayo” (pej.), “Matako” (pej.) Autonym: Wichí Lhamtés Classification: Matacoan, Mataco

Plautdietsch pdt

Users: 4,000 in Argentina (Salminen 2007). Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Germanic, West, Low Saxon-Low Franconian, Low Saxon

Polish pol

Users: 198,000 in Argentina (2018). , based on nationality. Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Balto-Slavic, Slavic, West, Lechitic

Portuguese por

Users: 58,000 in Argentina (2018). , based on nationality. Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Italo-Western, Western, Gallo-Iberian, Ibero-Romance, West Iberian, Portuguese-Galician

Puelche pue

Chubut Province. Users: No known L1 speakers. Last fluent speaker died in 1960 (2012 ELP). Status: 10 (Extinct). Alternate Names: Gennaken, Günün Yajich, Gününa Küne, Gününa Yajich, Northern Tehuelche, Pampa Classification: Language isolate

Quechua, South Bolivian quh

Buenos Aires, Jujuy, and Salta provinces. Users: 5,120 in Argentina (2004 census). Ethnic population: 70,500 (2004 INDEC). Status: 8a (Moribund). Alternate Names: Central Bolivian Quechua, Runasimi Classification: Quechuan, Peripheral Quechua, Chinchay, Southern Chinchay

Quichua, Santiago del Estero qus

Chaco province; Santiago del Estero province: Figueroa, Moreno, Robles, Sarmiento, Brigadier J. F. Ibarra, San Martín, Silipica, Loreto, Atamisqui, Avellaneda, Salavina, Quebrachos, Mitre, and Aguirre departments; perhaps Buenos Aires and Salta provinces. Users: 60,000 (2000 SIL), decreasing. No monolinguals. Status: 6a* (Vigorous). Alternate Names: Santiagueño Quichua Autonym: Quichua Classification: Quechuan, Peripheral Quechua, Chinchay, Southern Chinchay

Romani, Vlax rmy

Users: 59,000 in Argentina (2018). , based on nationality. Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Intermediate Divisions, Western, Romani, Vlax

Romanian ron

Users: 16,000 in Argentina (2018). , based on nationality. Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Eastern

Russian rus

Users: 31,000 in Argentina (2018). , based on nationality. Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Balto-Slavic, Slavic, East

Serbian srp

Users: 6,400 in Argentina (2018). , based on nationality. Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Balto-Slavic, Slavic, South, Western

Slovak slk

Users: 9,100 in Argentina (2018). , based on nationality. Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Balto-Slavic, Slavic, West, Czech-Slovak

Slovene slv

Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Rio Negro province: Bariloche. Users: 12,000 in Argentina (2018). , based on nationality. Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Balto-Slavic, Slavic, South, Western

Spanish spa

Users: 45,160,000 in Argentina, all users. L1 users: 44,000,000 in Argentina (2020). L2 users: 1,160,000 (2020). Status: 1 (National). De facto national language. Alternate Names: Español Classification: Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Italo-Western, Western, Gallo-Iberian, Ibero-Romance, West Iberian, Castilian

Tapieté tpj

Salta province: Misión Tapieté, San Martín district, Curbita, near Pilcomayo river. Users: 180 in Argentina (2004 census). Ethnic population: 520 (2001 INDEC). Status: 8a (Moribund). Alternate Names: Guasurangue, Tirumbae, Yanaigua, Ñanagua, “Guarayo” (pej.) Classification: Tupian, Tupí-Guaraní, Guaraní, Guaraní

Tehuelche teh

Chubut province. Users: 1 (2012 ELP). Ethnic population: 10,600 (2004 INDEC). Status: 8b (Nearly extinct). Alternate Names: Aonek’enk, Aoniken, Gunua-Kena, Gununa-Kena, Inaquen, Patagón, Tewelche Classification: Chon

Toba tob

Chaco province: Bermejito, Castelli, Fontana, La Leonesa, Las Palmas, Miraflores, Pampa del Indio, Pcia, Resistencia, Roca, Saenz Peña, San Martín, Tres Isletas; Corrientes province; Formosa province: El Colorado, Misión Laishí, San Carlos; Santa Fe province: Rosario. Users: 30,400 in Argentina (Crevels 2012). No monolinguals. Ethnic population: 69,500 (2004 INDEC). Total users in all countries: 31,580. Status: 6b (Threatened). Alternate Names: Chaco Sur, Namqom, Qom, Qoml’ek, Toba Qom, Toba Sur Autonym: Qom l’aqtac Classification: Guaykuruan, Southern

Ukrainian ukr

Users: 31,000 in Argentina (2018). , based on nationality. Status: Unestablished. Classification: Indo-European, Balto-Slavic, Slavic, East

Vilela vil

Chaco province: Resistencia; near Paraguay border. Users: No known L1 speakers. 20 speakers were reported in 1981. 2 semi-speakers remain (Crevels 2007). These semi-speakers are a brother and sister. They were 74 and 70 in 2008 (Harrison et al 2008). Status: 10 (Extinct). Classification: Language isolate

Welsh cym

Chubut province. Users: 5,000 in Argentina (2017 N. Rees). Status: 5* (Dispersed). Alternate Names: Cymraeg, Galés Classification: Indo-European, Celtic, Insular, Brythonic

Yámana yag

Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur province: Extreme south Isla Grande. Users: No known L1 speakers in Argentina. The last Yámana speaker in Argentina either died or relocated to Chile between 1965 and 1970 (Vidal 1999). Status: 10 (Extinct). Alternate Names: Háusi Kúta, Yahgan Classification: Language isolate

Yiddish, Eastern ydd

Major cities. Users: The number of people speaking Yiddish is decreasing substantially (2014 L. Moreno). Status: 8b (Nearly extinct). Classification: Indo-European, Germanic, West, High German, Yiddish